Electrical Power System

In Electrical power system generators produce the electrical power (electricity) and through transmission lines transfer to the regions and cities where substations are further distributed to industries, home appliances and residential use. In electrical power system major components are considered i.e distributing networks, substations and generators, converters.

In world the main generated power supply is three phase than single phase.

 

In market three phase have become the standard for power distribution.

In generator system, by viewing internal structure three armature coils is placed with 120 degree angle. Each coil makes the single phase and three separated phases are interconnected with each other conventionally. Thus by AC generator we get finally three sine waves voltages with difference of 120 degree.

 

 

 

Three phase supply transfer more electrical power than single phase system and more efficient. Copper wire is required for three phase system is only 75 percent as required in single phase system.

Motor and generators size is less as compared to singles phase system. It has self starting system because of having rotating magnetic field.

The ripple factor of DC rectified is less in three phase power system than other. Those motors having horse power more than 10 HP are three phase motors.

One draw back compare to single phase is has complicates circuitry and motors and generators are more expensive.

Single Phase System

In single phase system voltage and current sine ways are in phase and cross the zero line twice times in each cycle having zero power factor.

Single phase system draws more current than three phase system.

In single phase power supply less power is supplied than three phase system.Motors having power upto 5HP can be used in single phase system.

It’s motor starting time is greater because of pulsating magnetic field. Ripple power factor is greater than three phase system.

 

 

 

 

Please read also: What is GFCI and How it works?