Fire Rated Building Requirement for Fire Pump Skid

The article is about fire rated building technical requirement for installation of fire pump skid. Almost all buildings require some compartmentation, in the form of fire resistance walls, doors, floors, ceilings and other structural elements. Here discussed available fire–resistance ratings of building constructions and fire resistance classification of fire resistant building materials. Briefly discussed about  most commonly used flame-spread classifications (Fire rating class a b c) are: Class I or A, with a 0-25 FSR; Class II or B with a 26-75 FSR; and Class III or C with a 76-200 FSR. … Class B – Flame-spread 26-75, smoke developed 0-450. Class C – Flame-spread 76-200, smoke developed 0-450.

Fire Rated Building Requirements for Fire Pump Skid

• The building shall be complete with roof, walls, doors, thermal insulation, lighting, electrical receptacles, heating, and ventilation. Building shall be provided by a supplier that has listed models for this service. The fire water pumping system package skid frame shall be enlarged sufficiently to serve as the base structure and floor of the building.
• The package supplier shall select a building size that is large enough to house the entire diesel/pump system plus provide adequate access area around the package components for inspection, normal maintenance, and repair/replacement. NFPA 20 requirements in this area shall be met. An opening shall be provided in the building wall and/or roof through which the largest item(s) for maintenance can be removed and replaced without the need to cut into the building siding, roofing, or structure. The access opening(s) shall be covered by removable covers (hatches) or doors. As a minimum, a door 914 mm (36 in) wide by 2144 mm (84 in) high shall be provided in the building for personnel access.
• It is preferable that the building be shipped completely intact without any interior or exterior items being removed for shipment. If the supplier deems it necessary that items be removed to prevent damage during shipment, those items must be specifically listed by the supplier building documentation. The list shall also include re installation instructions for the items at the site.
• The building shall be designed to meet the requirements of the latest edition of the applicable building code. The wind, seismic, and snow loading for design are normally listed in the project specification. The seismic design criteria shall apply to the anchoring of nonstructural components and equipment inside the building, as well as to the building itself.

• The building structure shall meet the following detail requirements.

  • The building structure shall be designed to withstand, without damage, over-the-highway shipment, as well as the loading criteria given in this specification.
  • The building shall be of metal construction and shall meet the applicable requirements of the following standards:
    • AISC “Specification for the Design, Fabrication, and Erection of Structural Steel for Buildings”
    • AISI SG-673, Part 1
    • MBMA “Low Rise Building System Manual”
• Note:  Building code requirements shall take precedence over any conflicting requirements in these standards.
  • The building shall be completely weathertight. It shall be furnished with all seals needed to prevent the entry of wind-driven rain. No windows are required in the walls or doors.
  • Lifting lugs, eyes, or like items shall be installed on the building exterior, as needed. They shall be capable of lifting the entire building.
  • All insulation used in the building shall have a flame-spread rating of 25 or less and a smoke-generated rating of 50 or less per ASTM E-84. The insulation shall not contribute to the corrosion of steel or aluminum, nor growth of fungi or bacteria.
  • The roof shall be sloped for rain drainage. Either a single slope or a peaked roof may be furnished. Minimizing the overall building height for shipment shall be considered when selecting the roof type used.
  • Rain gutters or deflectors are required only above doors, and only when the draining rainwater would fall into the walkway areas at the doors.
  • Roof and wall material shall be weather-resistant and leaktight. Metal materials shall have a minimum thickness of 0.51 mm (0.020 in). The material used (e.g., type, material, gage) shall be indicated in the building documentation.
  • The roof and wall areas shall be insulated such that they have a thermal resistance value “R” of at least “11” overall. Insulation type, material, and thickness used shall be indicated in the building documentation.
  • A liner shall be used to prevent the roof and wall insulation from falling or being easily dislodged or damaged. Metal liners shall be at least 0.40 mm (0.016 in) thick. A finished ceiling is not required. The wall liner shall be splash resistant, not allowing the insulation to become wetted.
  • If a false ceiling is provided, the roof insulation shall still be installed directly against the underside of the roof to prevent condensation on the roof panels. The space between the false ceiling and the roof insulation shall be vented to the main building space.

  • Any doors in the building shall be in accordance with the following:

    • Steel Door Institute grade II, heavy duty, level B by Cedco Door Products Co., or equal
    • Minimum of R-11 thermal insulation
    • Fully weather-stripped all around
    • Self-framing and self-flashing frames
    • Hinged to swing outward
    • Hydraulic or pneumatic door closer on personnel door only
    • Door and frame painted inside and outside to match paint system on the rest of the building
    • Personnel door (only) to have a push plate inside and a pull handle outside. No locks are required.

  • Any access hatches in the building walls, or roof, must meet the following:

    • Match the adjacent wall, or roof, in style, color, insulation, etc.
    • Be completely weathertight.
    • Attached with fasteners that can be readily removed with commonly available tools.
  •  Wall areas in which piping and electrical conduit penetrate the building shall be provided with framing and supports needed to carry the loads.
  • Flashing shall be installed around the framing and the items penetrating the wall. Flashing on both sides of the penetrations may be required to provide a weathertight seal. The flashing shall be held in place with a sufficient number of fasteners. Metal flashing shall be at least .016 in thick. Caulking shall be applied as needed to ensure a complete weathertight installation.
  • Insulation shall be installed in the penetration areas, when appropriate. Its “R” value shall be approximately equal to the “R” value in the adjacent wall area.

• The building electrical system shall meet the following detail requirements.

  • The electrical equipment and installation shall be such that exposure and damage from splashes of water is minimized.
  • The electrical installation shall meet all applicable requirements of NFPA 70. The skid supplier shall furnish and install any transformer(s) or other devices needed to change the power to the electrical equipment supplied with the Fire Rated Building Requirement.
  • Interior building lighting shall be provided by the building supplier. Lighting levels shall be maintained at a minimum of 7.62 m (25 ft) candles at floor level. Fluorescent lamps shall be the light source. The lights shall be of corrosion-resistant construction, be dust and moisture resistant, and have acrylic lenses. The lights shall be Lithonia “DMW” series, or equal. The interior lighting shall be controlled by a wall-mounted switch located inside the building and adjacent to the latch side of the building personnel door.
  • An electrical distribution panel with a 3-phase, 100 amp (minimum) main circuit breaker rating shall be furnished inside the building to distribute power to the lighting, receptacle, ventilation, and heating loads in the building. The panel shall have a NEMA 3R (weatherproof) enclosure rating. It shall have spaces for at least 20 branch circuits total. The minimum branch circuit breaker rating shall be 20 amperes. GFCI circuit breakers, or GFCI feed-through receptacles, shall be furnished to protect all receptacles from ground faults. The building supplier shall furnish only those circuit breakers needed to power the items in the building.
  • Spare spaces in the panel shall be left blank. Contractor shall provide any circuit breakers required for future use of the spare spaces. The panel shall be a Square D type “NQOD” with bolt-on breakers or an Air Products approved equal.
  • All electrical wiring shall be installed in Schedule 40 rigid galvanized steel conduit, fittings, and junction boxes. At connections to indoor items with sheet-metal enclosures, each conduit shall be installed with double lock-nuts, inside and outside, and insulating conduit bushings. Outdoor connections shall be made with Myers hubs. This is for protection and corrosion resistance.
  • All wiring shall be in accordance with this article Standard Wire and Cable Types | Electrical and Instrumentation. A #12 AWG bare ground wire shall be run in all conduit. This ground wire shall be connected to the neutral/ground bus in the distribution panel and to all electrical items per IEC or NEC requirements as applicable.
  • Wall-mounted electrical receptacles shall be located inside the building to meet IEC or NEC requirements as applicable and the following:
    • At least one duplex receptacle per wall as a minimum.
    • The receptacles in walls with a door shall be located close to the doorway.
  • The receptacles shall be duplex type and shall be GFCI protected.
  • An exterior light fixture shall be furnished above the personnel door. The fixture shall be 70 watt, high-pressure-sodium, vapor-tight with guard. It shall be controlled by a photoelectric, light-sensing cell. The light shall be Holophane, or equal.
  • Electrical grounding pads shall be furnished at opposite ends of the building. The pads shall be welded to the metal framing or embedments of the building. A ground conductor shall be installed in the building to bond the electric-power panel to one of these pads. The pads shall have a standard NEMA 2-hole drilling for connection to the field-run grounding grid. Air Products will connect the ground pads to the grounding grid system at the plant site.
  • As required by OSHA 1910.37 (q)(6), the personnel exit door shall be marked with a self-illuminated EXIT sign. Normally the sign shall operate from AC power. During a power failure, the light shall operate from its own battery power pack. The sign shall be a Lithonia model ES1RELN120, or equal.
  • All electrical equipment, including heating and ventilating items, shall be IEC, UL or CSA listed and labeled whenever possible.
  • No telephone wiring or outlets are required in the building.
  • Emergency lighting fixtures shall be furnished if required by NFPA 20, the IEC, the NEC, or OSHA for the building size and configuration.

• The building heating and ventilating system shall meet the following detail requirements.

  • An outside air intake device shall be built into the building wall to admit combustion air for the diesel engine and natural ventilation for the building. When a radiator-type heat exchanger is provided to cool the engine, the ventilation system sizing criteria shall include the air requirements of the radiator. It shall include an exterior-mounted, insect screen cover.
  • The free area of the device shall be such that the air velocity does not exceed 600 feet/minute when fully open. The louvers, hood, and dampers shall be made from aluminum or fiberglass for corrosion resistance. The air-intake device shall be one of the following alternates:
    • Fixed, weather-resistant louver with gravity back draft damper (BDD).
    • Rainproof hood with gravity BDD.
  • A roof-mounted (or high wall mounted) exhaust fan shall be furnished with the building. The fan shall be sized to exhaust air from the building at a rate great enough to prevent overloading the diesel engine (when running continuously at full load) when the outside air is at its maximum summer design temperature.
  • In addition to the requirements of paragraph 13.7.3, the fan shall have the capacity to exhaust the equivalent of six (6) building air volume changes in one hour. The fan shall be furnished with a gravity-operated BDD.
  • The fan shall be operated by a thermostat mounted on the wall. In addition, whenever the pump runs, the fan shall also automatically run via a contact from the pump’s controller. The fan shall not allow rain to enter the building. The fan, back draft damper, and any associated hoods or louvers shall be made of aluminum or fiberglass. A wire fan guard shall be furnished if the fan design could allow contact with the blades. The guard shall meet any applicable OSHA requirements for Fire Rated Building Requirement.
  • An electric unit heater with an integral thermostat shall be furnished to heat the building. It shall be sized such that it will maintain the inside temperature above 10^oC (50°F) with the outside temperature at the minimum ambient design temperature. It shall maintain the inside temperature with all lighting and other internal heat sources turned off. The heater shall have a capacity of at least 3 kW (10,000 Btu/hr). The heater shall meet all applicable IEC, NEC and OSHA requirements. It shall have an adjustable blade air deflection louver on the outlet.

• The building fire protection shall consist of the following.

  • Contractor will furnish and install at the plant site any hand-held fire extinguishers required for the building.
  • A fire detection system shall be provided to detect smoke inside the building with external visual indication (strobe light). Fire detection system shall tie to customer’s Distributed Control System (DCS). Strobe light to be amber or yellow (red is typically reserved for Carbon Monoxide detection).
  • Sprinklers shall be installed inside the building in accordance with NFPA 13. Water source for the sprinkler system shall be from the common discharge header if less than 9 sprinkler heads are used to satisfy the building requirements. Remote indication of sprinkler system activation shall be provided (flow switch).

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