LTE Retainability KPI Optimization and Counter Mapping
LTE Call Drops KPI Explanation. In an all-IP always-on E-UTRAN (LTE) environment, a “call” is defined as a single radio connection between a UE…
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LTE Accessibility KPI and Counters Mapping.​
1. RRC Setup Success Rate (Service) The RRC (Radio Resource Control) setup procedure in LTE is initiated for various reasons, identified by the establishmentCause…
Read articleLTE Accessibility KPI and Detail Optimization.
In LTE networks, the concept of network accessibility requires the use of different performance counters compared to those in 2G and 3G radio access…
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What is Control Plane and User Plane in LTE? Protocol Architecture.
This article is about Radio Protocol Architecture of E-UTRAN where we explained about Control Plane and User Plane in LTE. What is User Plane?…
Read articleWhat is LTE Roaming Architecture?
In the world of mobile communications, the ability for users to connect to networks outside their home network, known as roaming, remains a critical…
Read articleWhat is E-UTRAN? Access Network of LTE
The Access Network of LTE, known as E-UTRAN, is composed of a network of eNodeBs, which manage normal user traffic without a centralized controller,…
Read articleWhat is LTE S1 Interface? S1 Protocol Structure in LTE.
One of the main goals of LTE is to provide Self-Optimizing Networks (SON). SON is crucial for network operators because it helps maximize network…
Read articleWhat is QoS Class Identifier (QCIs) for LTE?
Multiple applications can run simultaneously on a user device (UE), each requiring different quality of service (QoS). For example, you might be on a…
Read article5G NR Handover Signaling
The NR handover process involves several signaling messages exchanged between the UE (User Equipment), the source gNB (gNodeB), and the target gNB. This process…
Read article5G NR Handover Principles.
In 5G NR (New Radio), the handover principles in Standalone (SA) mode are similar to those in 4G LTE. This article focuses on the…
Read articleWhat is Physical Multicast Channel (PMCH) in LTE?
While the initial release of LTE specifications did not include Multimedia Broadcast and Multicast Services (MBMS), the physical layer structure supporting MBMS was pre-defined…
Read articleIndustrial Telecommunication
refers to the specialized communication systems and technologies used within industrial environments (Plants and Refineries etc) to support operations, enhance safety, and improve efficiency.…
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