This article is about Cranes, Hoists, Elevators Installation Technical Requirements, Commissioning & Technical Specification for commercial buildings, plants and refinery projects as per international codes and standards.
Cranes, Hoists or Elevators Installation and Commissioning
| The crane manufacturer shall furnish with each crane at least one copy of the manual. The manual shall include general information applicable to the following: (a) installation (b) operation (c) inspection (d) testing (e) lubrication (f) maintenance (g) parts (h) wiring diagram (may be supplied separately) [ASME B30.2 Sec.2-1.16.1] |
| Rated Load Markings – Crane: The rated load of the crane shall be marked on each side of the crane and shall be legible from the ground or floor. [ASME B30.2 Sec.2-1.1.1] |
| Rated Load Markings – Hoists (a) The rated load of the hoist shall be marked on the hoist or trolley unit or its load block and shall be legible from the ground or floor. (b) If the crane has more than one hoisting unit, each hoist shall have its rated load marked as per Sec.2-1.1.2(a). [ASME B30.2 Sec.2-1.1.2] |
| Manufacturer’s Identification Markings: The crane shall be marked with manufacturer’s identification information, on a plate or label attached to the crane, as follows: (a) name and address of manufacturer (b) manufacturer’s model or serial number (c) voltage of AC or DC power supply and phase and frequency of AC power supply [ASME B30.2 Sec.2-1.1.3] |
| Clearance shall be maintained between the crane and the building, as well as parallel running cranes and cranes operating at a different elevation under all normal operating conditions. [ASME B30.2 Sec.2-1.2.1(a)] |
| Construction of Runways and Rails: (1) The crane runways and supporting structures shall be designed to withstand the loads and forces imposed by the crane (2) Runway columns shall be securely anchored to foundation (3) Rails shall be level, straight, joined, and spaced to the crane span compatible with the design of the crane. [ASME B30.2 Sec.2-1.3.2(a)] |
| Runway Stops: (1) Stops shall be provided at the limits of travel of the bridge. (2) Stops shall engage the bumpers or bumper pads mounted on the bridge. (3) Stops shall be designed to withstand the forces applied to the bumpers. [ASME B30.2 Sec.2-1.3.2(b)] |
| Toolbox: If a receptacle is provided for the stowing of tools and oil cans, it shall be made of a noncombustible material and shall be securely fastened in the cab or on the service platform. [ASME B30.2 Sec.2-1.5.4] |
| The door(s) of electrical control cabinets shall either open at least 90 deg. or be removable. (ASME B30.2 Sec.2-1.7.1(e)] |
| Service platforms shall have a slip-resistant walking surface. (ASME B30.2 Sec.2-1.7.1(g)] |
| Stops and Bumpers: Trolley Stops (a) Stops shall be provided at the limits of travel of the trolley. (b) Stops shall engage the bumpers or bumper pads mounted on the trolley. (c) Stops shall be designed to withstand the forces applied by the bumpers. [ASME B30.2 Sec.2-1.8.1] |
| Each hoisting unit of the crane shall be equipped with at least one holding brake. The holding brake shall be applied to the motor shaft or a gear reducer shaft and shall have a torque rating not less than the percentage of rated load hoisting torque at the point where the brake is applied. [ASME B30.2 Sec.2-1.12.1] |
| Wiring and equipment shall comply with Article 610 of ANSI/NFPA 70, National Electrical Code. [ASME B30.2 Sec.2-1.13.1(a)] |
| The control circuit voltage shall not exceed 600V for AC or DC. [ASME B30.2 Sec.2-1.13.1(b)] |
| The control circuit voltage in pendant push buttons shall not exceed 150V for AC or 300V for DC. [ASME B30.2 Sec.2-1.13.1(c)] |
| Where multiple conductor cable is used with a suspended push-button station, the station shall be supported so that the electrical conductors are protected from strain. [ASME B30.2 Sec.2-1.13.1(d)] |
| Pendant control stations shall be constructed to prevent electrical shock. The push-button enclosure shall be at ground potential and marked for identification of functions. [ASME B30.2 Sec.2-1.13.1(e)] |
| Floor-Operated Cranes: A warning device should be provided for installations where the ability of the operator to warn persons in the path of the load is impaired. [ASME B30.2 Sec.2-1.15.2(a)] |
| Types of Devices. One or more of the following devices shall be provided when required: (a) Manually operated gong (b) Power-operated bell, siren, or horn (c) Rotating beacon (d) Strobe light [ASME B30.2 Sec.2-1.15.3] |
| Personnel responsible for the supervision, installation, operation, inspection, or maintenance of the crane shall be familiar with the applicable contents of the manual furnished with the crane. [ASME B30.2 Sec.2-1.16.2] |
International Codes & Standards
| 1. SAES-B-053 – Machine Safety Guarding, Elevators, Escalators, and Conveyors, 30 June, 2003 |
| 2. ANSI B30.2 – Overhead and Gantry Cranes, 2005 Edition |
| 3. ASME/ANSI A17.1 – Safety code for Elevators, 2007 Edition |