This article is about how to prepare JSA Job Safety analysis for HVAC Installation of Electrical works. What are list activities and potential hazards with how to control hazards.
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JOB SAFETY ANALYSIS FOR HVAC ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION WORKS
LIST OF ACTIVITIES |
POTENTIAL HAZARDS |
HAZARDS CONTROL |
| 1. Planning | Unplanned Execution | 1.1 All necessary materials, tools, equipment and certifications or documents must be identified, prepared and provided prior execution and as required by each activities (e.g., 3″ party Certifications, etc.) 1.2 Work permits must be prepared and completed before each conduct of activities. 1.3 Tool box talk meeting discussing all related hazards, risk and control measures as per this document must be done 1.4 Proper coordination with the Client and other subcontractors must be done accordingly (work interface). |
| 2. Mobilization | • Vehicle poor conditions • Over speeding • Improper vehicle parking |
2.1 Only Drivers with SAG valid license is allowed to drive transport vehicle. 2.2 Ensure that the vehicle is properly maintained, inspected and in good condition. 2.3 Drivers shall abide all the SAG traffic regulations and Client traffic requirements at all times. 2.4 Drivers shall not exceed the posted speed limits. 2.5 Ensure that the vehicle is appropriate, adequate and sufficient as per the type of elements to be loaded.2.6 Seat belts must be properly working and vehicles must have a portable first aid kit and fire extinguisher. |
| 3. Lifting and Rigging / Activity Forklift operation (Cable Drum and other heavy materials and equipments) |
• Incompetent crane and rigging operation • Unsecured attachments • Uneven grounds • Poor condition equipments • Damage rigging equipments • Obstructed access ways • Over speeding • Unstable and over loading• Limited visuals (Forklift reversing) • Carbon Monoxide |
3.1 Comply as per Sections Vehicle/Equipments, Inspection of Rigging Equipment & Lifting & Rigging. 3.2 Obtain and comply with the requirements indicated in a Daewoo applicable Lifting work perm it. 3.3 Ensure that the lifting load chart of the crane to be use is provided including the SWL and other credentials of the operators and riggers is attached therewith as required. 3.4 Crane Operators and Riggers must be Saudi Aramco Certified. 3.5 Inspection of slings, shackle and all the rigging tools and equipment must be done prior to any lifting activity.3.6 Never exceed the corresponding Safe Work Load of any equipment as well as the rigging components. 3.7 Use of spreader bar is a must to prevent damages to the edges of the units to be liftedUse of softener is also an option. 3.8 Ensure the ground condition, must be balance and even and the crane outrigger must be fully extended and touching thE ground firmly through a timber sole plate.3.9 Full time supervision of Supervisor/Project 3.10 Engineer/Safety Engineer is required. Crane operator are must stay inside the vehicle while operation is on going 3.11 Ensure the area for the units to be located properly prepared. Unwanted materials mus remove. 3.12 Barricade the work area through isolation by using warning and danger tapes. Passers-by must be prevented from walking over the area of activity. 3.13 Provide signboards. 3.14 No one is allowed to work under suspended load. 3.15 Ensure the total weight and other significant specification of the material to be lifted. It must be precise and accurate to prevent misinformation. 3.16 In rigging operation, if working above the material to be lifted and the height is more than 1.8 meters that is required to attach the rigging tools, an extra sling belt must be attached to the crane hook to serve as lifeline for the full body harness of the rigger and prevent falling. 3.17 Use tag-line to control the movement of the object 3.18 Use seat belts. 3.19 Equipments must have installed Roll Over Protection System (ROPS). 3.20 Assign flag man in order to assist the forklift operator in loading, unloading and transporting of the units. 3.21 Records of equipment inspection must be checked to ensure that equipment is properly inspected by an authorized third party certifying body 3.22 Inspect and ensure that the travel route of the forklift is of even ground without any obstructions 3.23 Do not speed up to get the job done faster. 3.24 Balance and secured loading of loads. 3.25 Forklift Operator must be Saudi Aramco Certified. Ensure that the forks of forklift will provide sufficient lifting support by ensuring that it will pass through from end to end of pallet or load to be lifted. 3.26 Slow down, sound the horn at blind corners, doorways and aisles 3.27 Operate with caution. |
| 4. Scaffolding / Erection / Use Alteration & Dismantling |
• lncomplete/unstable scaffold members • Inadequate fall protection system • Overloading • Defective and inadequate planking • Unsafe Access • Uneven ground and footings • Scattered tools, material & debris above platform • Electrical Power lines and energized equipment • Falling Objects• High Weather temperature • Heat Stress |
4.1 Scaffold erection to be undertaken by trained and certified scaffolders working under supervision of Saudi Aramco certified Scaffolding Supervisor and approved by an Aramco Certified Scaffolding Inspector if height is above 6 meters. 4.2 Comply as per section Scaffolding. 4.3 Inspection and tagging must be conducted prior to usage of any scaffolding. 4.4 Fall protection system must be provided. Top rail, Mid-rail and Toe boards must be in place and Personal Fall Arrest System (PFAS) attached to a secured anchorage point must be use by workers L.8m above the ground. Anchorage point must be able to withstand 5,000 pounds of force applied outward or downward. 4.5 Ensure that the scaffolding is able to withstand 4 times the maximum intended load it will carry.4.6 Any gap of 2 feet elevation from ground to access ladder of scaffolding, a step stool or equivalent means must be provided.4.7 Working platform and access must always be maintained free of debris and tripping hazards. 4.8 Ensure caster wheels are of heavy duty type and locks engaged when in use If contact to overhead energized power lines are inevitable, coordinate with the power supplier and request for shutdown and apply the Lock Out Tag Out as per the Daewoo Procedures. 4.9 When working nearby energized equipment, contact the Client and request for shutting down prior execution of work. If shutting down of the equipment is not applicable, safe work plan with the Client is a must to provide precautionary measures in isolating the exposure to electrical hazards is required. 4.11 All tools shall be provided with tag line tied to the working personnel. 4.13 Drop Zones shall be properly barricaded with corresponding sign to avoid other workers from entering. 4.14 Safe means of access/egress to be provided and maintained 4.18 All workers prone to heat stress must be properly informed / oriented about factors that contribute to the illness that it will cause as well as the control measures to prevent it. 4.19 Environmental conditions must be monitored (e.g., air temp. relative humidity) and to communicated all expose employees 4.21 Provide sufficient number of local ventilation (e.g., industrial fans or portable air movers. 4.26 Personal Monitoring and Buddy System must be implemented. No hot work activity shall be done by an employee in solo or alone. |
| 5. Manual Installations 5.1 Lifting and carrying cable trays, supports, conduit accessories and pipes. |
• Heavy loads, improper repetition and awkward positioning. • Ergonomics Hazard • High temperature and humidity Low visibility inside buildings/facilities |
5.1.1 Prevent awkward positioning such as overreaching & tilting by providing adequate working platform. 5.1.2 Wherever possible, a reduction in the amount of heavy manual handling must be sought by providing adequate mechanical means (e.g., jacks, hand trucks, rollers, wheelbarrows, etc.,) 5.1.3 Ensure sufficient ventilation and illumination by providing industrial fans and additional lightings complying electrical safety procedures. (minimum requirements of 50 lux general construction area lighting, I 00 lux – general construction plant and shops (e.g., mechanical and electrical equipment rooms, 30 lux -accessways)5.1.4 Wear gloves when handling any materials or objects. Where an object requires two or more employees to handle it, one employee should give the direction for lifting and lowering the object in unison. 5.1.5 All lifting devices shall be kept in good condition. Do not exceed the capacity of any lifting device. Do not move a suspended load over the head of an employee. Riding on a suspended load is prohibited. 5.1.6 Buddy System must be implemented. 5.1.7 Get a good footing and never try to lift anything, which considered too heavy or too bulky. 5.1.8 Place the feet about shoulder width apart in a comfortable, balanced position, close to the load being lifted. 5.1.9 Bend the knees and grasp the load. 5.1.10 Keep back straight- not vertical but straight. It should not be arched or bent. 5.1.11 Ensure clear access. 5.1.12 Take a firm hold on the load with the palms of the hands NOT just the fingers. Use gloves to protect against any sharp protruding objects. 5.1.13 Keep back as straight as possible, tucking chin in to lock spine. 5.1.14 Lift gradually by straightening the legs let the strong thigh muscles do the work -not the lower back muscles. 5.1.15 Do not twist the body or turn one of your feet when lifting. If you have to change direction, turn with both of your feet, not your body. 5.1.16 Avoid lifting or holding above shoulder height and repetitive actions. Take breaks. 5.1.17 Stack or store between waist and shoulder height. 5.1.18 When lowering, maintain a good grip and keep the back straight. 5.1.19 Avoid holding or working in a static work position. 5.1.20 For Heat Stress comply as per section 4.18 onwards procedures |
| • Falling Objects | 5.1.21 Working above a platform must ensure the installation of toe boards. 5.1.22 Ensure that working area is properly barricaded especially the drop zone 5.1.23 Hoisting of materials to be lifted supported by another personnel 5.1.24 Activity should be done by sufficient number of manpower 5.1.25 Activity must fully attended by the supervisor. |
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| • Personnel Fall from heights • Improper or use of defective ladders and working platform |
5.1.26 Ensure that the elevated working platform complies with the fall protection system and in good condition. 5.1.27 Guard rails must be complete and secured clamped 5.1.28 Primary and secondary fall protection system must be properly installed 5.1.29 Comply as per Sections (Working at Height) and (Ladders ). 5.1.30 Ladders must be properly inspected, in good condition and use according to its design. 5.1.31 Straight Ladders use for access must extend 3 feet (1 m) to the landing surface, tied and secured to the structure or the bottom part by assigning a worker to hold the ladder while it is in use. 5.1.32 Maintain 3 points contact. 5.1.33 No overreaching, maintain the belt buckle inside the side railings of the ladders to keep in balance. |
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| 5.2 Installation of transformer, MV (if required) and LV Panels. | • Heavy loads, Improper repetition and awkward positioning.
• Ergonomics Hazard • Falling Objects • Improper location of units |
5.2.1 (Comply as per applicable controls, required stated in 5.1 activity) 5.2.2 Installation be done in accordance to applicable standards and procedures 5.2.3 Install disconnection switches that are capable of being lock and tag 5.2.4 Ensure that the designated location and specification complies as per the approved IFC drawing 4.2.5 Ensure proper supervision and monitoring of an Electrical Engineer/ Supervisor. |
| 5.3 Cable pulling, laying testing and termination. | • Hazards Identified in 5.1 and 5.2 • Static friction • Sharp edges • Improper termination • Tripping/ rolling off cable drum • Electrical shock |
5.3.1 (Comply as per applicable Hazard control stated in 5.1 activity) 5.3.2 Provide any means of reducing the static friction by using rollers, lubricants and the likes, to prevent workers in applying excessive force. 5.3.3 Identify and remove sharp edges to prevent cuts and damages to cables and workers 5.3.4 Cable drums must be secured by wooden wedge when stacked, isolated and barricaded. 5.3.5 Use project/ construction approved jacks and spindle. 5.3.6 Cable spindle must be positioned or set-up on level and firm ground. 5.3.7 Keep away from nip/ pinch & crush points 5.3.8 Comply with the material handling and stacking control measures / requirements 5.3.9 Cable dressing must be removed immediately to maintain good housekeeping 5.3.10 Ensure that insulation testing apparatus are inspected, calibrated and properly insulated. 5.3.11 Ensure that the activity be done only by the authorized person such as Electricians and properly monitored by Electrical Engineer/Supervisor. |
| 5.4 Installation / fixing of disconnect switches, DDC panel programming. | • Electrical Shock • Fire • Personnel injury |
5.4.1 Electrical personnel must undergo the energy isolation & permit to work orientation and LOTO training. 5.4.2 Adhere with current applicable project procedure (LOTO, Commissioning, etc.) and associated PTW system. 5.4.3 Follow the electrical testing/ programming project method of statement and risk assessment.5.4.4 Only trained and experienced technician / electrician must carry out the electrical test/ programming. 5.4.5 Electrical test/ programming activity must be supervised closely by the designated electrical engineer/ supervisor. 5.4.6 Applicable PTW to be completed and discussed with the workforce in line with the toolbox talks before the task begins. 5.4.7 A readily useable CO2 portable fire extinguisher (20 kg.) capacity shall be deployed in the area. 5.4.8 Signs and barricades shall be erected in the test area to avoid unauthorized entry. 5.4.9 Comply as per Section Electrical Hand Tools Safety & Hot Work. Ensure that the tools to be use is properly inspected and tagged prior to use. Tools with damage or frayed wiring must not be allowed to use and must be removed from the worksite. Repair can only be done by an authorized person with expertise to electrical works |
| 6. Use of Hand and Power Tools. | • Defective or damage tools. • Damage insulation / wiring. • Use of incompatible detachable tool parts to an equipment. • Unguarded parts. • Improper usage as per design. |
6.1 Power tools must be properly guarded.
6.2 Isolate the area by putting barriers and prevent other workers to come near the activity. |
| • Falling tools / objects. | 6.11 Work area must be properly isolated with barricade and warning signs. 6.12 Hand tools to be use in elevation must be with tag line attached to the personnel working. 6.13 Cutting and chipping works must be done downside before installing above works. |
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| 6.1 Fabrication Works – Cutting, drilling, grinding & threading. |
• Rotating part of a machine. • Poor cutting ability of cutting tool. • Unsecured attachment of cutting tool. • Use of incompatible detachable cutting tool. • Frayed wirings.• Sharp edges. • Inhalable and penetrable metal dust. • Ignition sparks. |
6.1.1 Comply as per Sections 29.0 — Electrical Hand Tools Safety, 14.0 –PPE, 26.0 — Fire Protection / Prevention & 37.5. 7 – Hot works of HSEP-ZP-D-JZR&TPOI Rev. 00 6.1.2 Obtain and comply with all the requirements stated in the Daewoo Hot Work Permit. Ensure that the worker to deal with the power tools is knowledgeable and/or has enough experience to do the job. 6.1.3 Designate one or two person in doing the activity. They will be the authorized person to handle the job. 6.1.4 Provide safety training to the worker/s in charge of the activity. 6.1.5 Ensure Machine Safeguarding and proper usage of GFCI or machine is double insulated. 6.1.6 All power tools must be inspected and tagged with monthly color coding and must regularly check prior to use. 6.1.7 Power tools should be equipped with “dead man switch” and free of damages 6.1.8 Trained Fire Watch Man should be in place as the activity is going on. 6.1.9 All flammable and combustible materials must be removed from the work area. 6.1.10 Designate one working area for the Hot Work Activity, must be covered with fire blanket and with fire extinguisher always in place. 6.1.1 I Do not conduct hot work activity near any energized operating mechanisms. 6.1.12 Switch Off and unplug all power tools when not in use. 6.1.13 Ensure that there is proper access way in the work area. 6.1.14 Ensure that the drill bits to be use are well sharpened and in good condition. It is prohibited to use the cutting disks as a grinding agent to sharpen the drill bits, use proper grinding machine. 6.1.15 Secure the attachment of drill bits to the machine; use only the drill chuck key in tightening.6.1.16 Ensure that the material to be drilled is secured and not wiggling. 6.1.17 Detachable cutting tools such as & grinding/cutting discs drill bits must be properly secured in the machine, use only compatible cutting discs as per the equipment’s technical data specifications. 6.1.18 Pinch points such as sharp edges must removed or covered and must be located in an area where exposure is minimal 6.1.19 Use appropriate mandatory PPE including safety glass with face shield, ear plugs, and masks, properly fitted and non slippery properly fit gloves. 6.1.20 Proper housekeeping |
| 7. Painting (on site material cutting) | • Chemicals | 7.1 Provide and comply as per MSDS requirements. 7.2 Hazard explained and discussed in TBT prior working. 7.3 Containers properly labeled and stored in proper chemical storage area 7.4 Use proper PPE |
| 8. Housekeeping | • Accumulated waste materials • Pinch Points • Sharp and pointed objects |
8.1 Identify sharp and hazardous materials to the wastes prior collecting. Do not use bare hand in cleaning.
8.2 Ensure tools and equipment used from the tasks have been removed and stored properly. |