What is 5G VoNR?
Voice services are a core component of wireless communication networks. During the initial deployment phase of 5G networks, both the coverage of 5G base…
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Tissue Engineering: Revolutionizing Regenerative Medicine
Tissue engineering is a cutting-edge field that blends engineering and life sciences. It aims to create new tissues and organs for medical use. This…
Read articleLTE Utilization KPIs.
LTE Utilization KPIs are used to assess the network’s ability to handle traffic demands under specific internal conditions. These KPIs help evaluate the resource…
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Overview of LoRa Technology
LoRa (Long Range) is a low power wide area network (LPWAN) technology developed by Semtech. It is designed to facilitate long-range communications at a…
Read article5G NR Frame Structure.
5G New Radio (NR) inherits and expands upon the frame structure of LTE, providing greater flexibility to meet diverse service requirements. Understanding the 5G…
Read article5G OFDM Symbol and CP.
In 5G New Radio (NR), the structure of Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols includes both a data transmission part and a cyclic prefix (CP),…
Read articleCSFB Failure Causes Scenarios and Counters.
First we have to check before the investigating of the CSFB problems –> is to understand CSFB performance counters and when do they count during the…
Read articleWhat is Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS) in LTE?
The Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS) in LTE plays a vital role in cell synchronization by providing additional information beyond what the PSS offers. Once…
Read articleWhy 15 kHz Subcarrier Spacing is Used for 4G LTE?
The choice of 15 kHz subcarrier spacing in 4G LTE is a result of balancing multiple technical considerations and practical implementation factors. Let’s delve…
Read articleOrthogonality and OFDMA in 5G
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is a fundamental modulation technique used in 5G, LTE networks, particularly for its downlink. The concept of orthogonality in…
Read article3G Air Interface and Signaling for CS services.
Picture below shows 3G Signalling & air interfaces. In a UMTS network, different types of signaling are used to communicate between network elements and…
Read articleCell Selection and Reselection Parameters in WCDMA – Idle Mode Behaviour
This article will analyse in detail idle mode behaviour. First, cell reselection from 2G to 3Gwill be discussed. Next, 3G cell reselection will be…
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